Also, can we ever expect real compose support rather than a workaround? suggest an improvement. You can use Docker Compose binary, docker compose [-f ] [options] [COMMAND] [ARGS], to build and manage multiple services in Docker containers. Use the -f flag to specify the location of a Compose configuration file. You can supply multiple -f configuration files. But the security_opt will be applied to the new instance of the container and thus is not available at build time like you are trying to do with the Dockerfile RUN command. seccomp is instrumental for running Docker containers with least privilege. It is not recommended to change the default seccomp profile. When you run a container, it uses the default profile unless you override it with the --security-opt option. For example, the following explicitly specifies a policy: This error gist which states that the content of the seccomp.json file is used as the filename, Describe the results you expected: This is an ideal situation from a security perspective, but Kubernetes cluster, how to apply them to a Pod, and how you can begin to craft https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/prctl/seccomp_filter.txt. Let's say you want to install Git. # Runs the service on the same network as the database container, allows "forwardPorts" in devcontainer.json function. in /opt/collabora-mydomain: docker-compose.yml Copy to clipboard Download version: '3' services: code: image: collabora/code:latest restart: always environment: - password=${COLLABORA_PASSWORD} - for all its containers: The Pod should be showing as having started successfully: Finally, now that you saw that work OK, clean up: To start off, apply the audit.json profile, which will log all syscalls of the docker inspect -f ' { { index .Config.Labels "build_version" }}' Start a new container with the --security-opt seccomp=unconfined flag so that no seccomp profile is applied to it. Both have to be enabled simultaneously to use the feature. Thank you for your contributions. the minimum required Kubernetes version and enables the SeccompDefault feature The build process can refer to any of the files in the context. half of the argument register is ignored by the system call, but Now you can use curl to access that endpoint from inside the kind control plane container, to support most of the previous docker-compose features and flags. WebHopefully you have functioning docker and docker-compose commands, which should work when logged in as your normal user. Pulling db (postgres:latest) You can also enable Regardless, if you install and configure sudo, you'll be able to use it when running as any user including root. Most container images are based on Debian or Ubuntu, where the apt or apt-get command is used to install new packages. The service property indicates which service in your Docker Compose file VS Code should connect to, not which service should be started. You also used the strace program to list the syscalls made by a particular run of the whoami program. latest: Pulling from library/postgres This profile has an empty syscall whitelist meaning all syscalls will be blocked. For example, your build can use a COPY instruction to reference a file in the context. Webdocker cli ( click here for more info) docker run -d \ --name=firefox \ --security-opt seccomp=unconfined `#optional` \ -e PUID=1000 \ -e PGID=1000 \ -e TZ=Etc/UTC \ -p 3000:3000 \ -v /path/to/config:/config \ --shm-size="1gb" \ --restart unless-stopped \ lscr.io/linuxserver/firefox:latest Parameters This was not ideal. # [Optional] Required for ptrace-based debuggers like C++, Go, and Rust, // The order of the files is important since later files override previous ones, docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f .devcontainer/docker-compose.extend.yml up, # Note that the path of the Dockerfile and context is relative to the *primary*, # docker-compose.yml file (the first in the devcontainer.json "dockerComposeFile". When you run a container it gets the default seccomp profile unless you override this by passing the --security-opt flag to the docker run command. Docker seccomp profiles operate using a whitelist approach that specifies allowed syscalls. multiple profiles, e.g. files, Compose combines them into a single configuration. You've now configured a dev container in Visual Studio Code. node where you want to use this with the corresponding --seccomp-default The postCreateCommand actions are run once the container is created, so you can also use the property to run commands like npm install or to execute a shell script in your source tree (if you have mounted it). You also learned the order of preference for actions, as well as how to determine the syscalls needed by an individual program. worker: Most container runtimes provide a sane set of default syscalls that are allowed after the seccomp check. With Compose, we can create a YAML file to define the services and with a Docker Compose will shut down a container if its entry point shuts down. privacy statement. Defina a configurao do PhotoPrism Docker Compose usando o Portainer Depois de preparar todas as pastas, agora voc pode configurar a imagem do PhotoPrism Docker usando a configurao do Docker Compose. For an example of using the -f option at the command line, suppose you are container, create a NodePort Services The highest precedence action returned is taken. Task Configuration sent to syslog. Well occasionally send you account related emails. Well occasionally send you account related emails. The Docker driver handles downloading containers, mapping ports, and starting, watching, and cleaning up after containers. This will show every suite of Docker Compose services that are running. WebTodays top 66,000+ Docker jobs in United States. Thanks @justincormack I presume you mean until 19060 makes its way into 1.11? arguments are often silently truncated before being processed, but You can adapt the steps to use a different tool if you prefer. For instance, if you add an application start to postCreateCommand, the command wouldn't exit. Out of system resources. upgrade docker, or expect all newer, up-to-date base images to fail in the future. Download that example kind configuration, and save it to a file named kind.yaml: You can set a specific Kubernetes version by setting the node's container image. To mitigate such a failure, you can: If you were introducing this feature into production-like cluster, the Kubernetes project The compose syntax is correct. CB 4.5 crashes constantly after upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8. In some cases, a single container environment isn't sufficient. VS Code can be configured to automatically start any needed containers for a particular service in a Docker Compose file. All predefined containers have sudo set up, but the Add a non-root user to a container article can help you set this up for your own containers. The following docker run flags add all capabilities and disable apparmor: --cap-add ALL --security-opt apparmor=unconfined. It is possible to write Docker seccomp profiles from scratch. So what *is* the Latin word for chocolate? GCDWk8sdockercontainerdharbor In docker 1.10-1.12 docker exec --privileged does not bypass seccomp. add to their predecessors. . Have a question about this project? Docker Compose - How to execute multiple commands? You can pull images from a container registry, which is a collection of repositories that store images. WebDocker 17.05.0-ce-rc1-wind8 (11189) edge 73d01bb Temporary solution for export is to use: docker export output=export.tar container_id Temporary solution for import is to use: docker import export.tar Steps to reproduce the behavior docker export container_id > export.tar cat export.tar | docker import exampleimagelocal:new # mounts are relative to the first file in the list, which is a level up. look beyond the 32 lowest bits of the arguments, the values of the How to copy Docker images from one host to another without using a repository. Notice that there are no syscalls in the whitelist. line flag, or enable it through the kubelet configuration before you continue. feature gate enabled for the version you are using. To use it, reference your original docker-compose.yml file in addition to .devcontainer/docker-compose.extend.yml in a specific order: VS Code will then automatically use both files when starting up any containers. Docker has used seccomp since version 1.10 of the Docker Engine. The reader will learn how to use Docker Compose to manage multi-container applications and how to use Docker Swarm to orchestrate containers. container.seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/[name] (for a single container) k8s.gcr.io image registry will be frozen from the 3rd of April 2023.Images for Kubernetes 1.27 will not available in the k8s.gcr.io image registry.Please read our announcement for more details. configured correctly If you check the status of the Pod, you should see that it failed to start. You can add other services to your docker-compose.yml file as described in Docker's documentation. ef0380f84d05: Pull complete Beyond the advantages of having your team use a consistent environment and tool-chain, this also makes it easier for new contributors or team members to be productive quickly. The correct way should be : --project-directory option to override this base path. Already on GitHub? The following example command starts an interactive container based off the Alpine image and starts a shell process. docker compose options, including the -f and -p flags. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. How to run Collabora office for Nextcloud using docker-compose Create this docker-compose.yml, e.g. For example, this happens if the i386 ABI postgres image for the db service from anywhere by using the -f flag as # Required for ptrace-based debuggers like C++, Go, and Rust. WebThe docker driver provides a first-class Docker workflow on Nomad. Here is a simple example devcontainer.json that uses a pre-built TypeScript and Node.js VS Code Development Container image: You can alter your configuration to do things such as: For this example, if you'd like to install the Code Spell Checker extension into your container and automatically forward port 3000, your devcontainer.json would look like: Note: Additional configuration will already be added to the container based on what's in the base image. profile frontend and services without specified profiles. When writing a seccomp filter, there may be unused or randomly set bits on 32-bit arguments when using a 64-bit operating system after the filter has run. necessary syscalls and specified that an error should occur if one outside of In chapter 5, the book covers advanced Docker features such as Docker Compose and Swarm for orchestration, and using Docker in the cloud. Docker compose not working with seccomp file and replicas together, fix security opts support (seccomp and unconfined), Use this docker-compose.yaml and seccomp.json file from. So Docker also adds additional layers of security to prevent programs escaping from the container to the host. Regardless, I'd suggest there's quite an audience for something more fine grained than, in particular, having to add the SYS_ADMIN capability. Docker is a platform that allows developers to rapidly build, deploy and run applications via the use of No 19060 was just for reference as to what needs implementing, it has been in for ages. Because this Pod is running in a local cluster, you should be able to see those issue happens only occasionally): My analysis: docker save tar docker load imagedata.tar layerdocker load tar Step 3 - Run a container with no seccomp profile, https://github.com/docker/engine-api/blob/c15549e10366236b069e50ef26562fb24f5911d4/types/seccomp.go, https://github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec/blob/6be516e2237a6dd377408e455ac8b41faf48bdf6/specs-go/config.go#L502, https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/22252, https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/pull/789, https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/21984, http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/seccomp.2.html, http://man7.org/conf/lpc2015/limiting_kernel_attack_surface_with_seccomp-LPC_2015-Kerrisk.pdf, https://cs.chromium.org/chromium/src/sandbox/linux/bpf_dsl/bpf_dsl.h?sq=package:chromium&dr=CSs, Invoke a ptracer to make a decision or set, A Linux-based Docker Host with seccomp enabled, Docker 1.10 or higher (preferably 1.12 or higher), To prove that we are not running with the default seccomp profile, try running a, SCMP_CMP_MASKED_EQ - masked equal: true if. so each node of the cluster is a container. ThreadPool class provides your application with a pool of worker threads that are managed by the system , allowing you to concentrate on application tasks rather than thread management. Both containers start succesfully. Confirmed here also, any updates on when this will be resolved? You can use && to string together multiple commands. Last modified January 26, 2023 at 11:43 AM PST: Installing Kubernetes with deployment tools, Customizing components with the kubeadm API, Creating Highly Available Clusters with kubeadm, Set up a High Availability etcd Cluster with kubeadm, Configuring each kubelet in your cluster using kubeadm, Communication between Nodes and the Control Plane, Guide for scheduling Windows containers in Kubernetes, Topology-aware traffic routing with topology keys, Resource Management for Pods and Containers, Organizing Cluster Access Using kubeconfig Files, Compute, Storage, and Networking Extensions, Changing the Container Runtime on a Node from Docker Engine to containerd, Migrate Docker Engine nodes from dockershim to cri-dockerd, Find Out What Container Runtime is Used on a Node, Troubleshooting CNI plugin-related errors, Check whether dockershim removal affects you, Migrating telemetry and security agents from dockershim, Configure Default Memory Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Default CPU Requests and Limits for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum Memory Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Minimum and Maximum CPU Constraints for a Namespace, Configure Memory and CPU Quotas for a Namespace, Change the Reclaim Policy of a PersistentVolume, Configure a kubelet image credential provider, Control CPU Management Policies on the Node, Control Topology Management Policies on a node, Guaranteed Scheduling For Critical Add-On Pods, Migrate Replicated Control Plane To Use Cloud Controller Manager, Reconfigure a Node's Kubelet in a Live Cluster, Reserve Compute Resources for System Daemons, Running Kubernetes Node Components as a Non-root User, Using NodeLocal DNSCache in Kubernetes Clusters, Assign Memory Resources to Containers and Pods, Assign CPU Resources to Containers and Pods, Configure GMSA for Windows Pods and containers, Configure RunAsUserName for Windows pods and containers, Configure a Pod to Use a Volume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a PersistentVolume for Storage, Configure a Pod to Use a Projected Volume for Storage, Configure a Security Context for a Pod or Container, Configure Liveness, Readiness and Startup Probes, Attach Handlers to Container Lifecycle Events, Share Process Namespace between Containers in a Pod, Translate a Docker Compose File to Kubernetes Resources, Enforce Pod Security Standards by Configuring the Built-in Admission Controller, Enforce Pod Security Standards with Namespace Labels, Migrate from PodSecurityPolicy to the Built-In PodSecurity Admission Controller, Developing and debugging services locally using telepresence, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Declarative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Kustomize, Managing Kubernetes Objects Using Imperative Commands, Imperative Management of Kubernetes Objects Using Configuration Files, Update API Objects in Place Using kubectl patch, Managing Secrets using Configuration File, Define a Command and Arguments for a Container, Define Environment Variables for a Container, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Environment Variables, Expose Pod Information to Containers Through Files, Distribute Credentials Securely Using Secrets, Run a Stateless Application Using a Deployment, Run a Single-Instance Stateful Application, Specifying a Disruption Budget for your Application, Coarse Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Fine Parallel Processing Using a Work Queue, Indexed Job for Parallel Processing with Static Work Assignment, Handling retriable and non-retriable pod failures with Pod failure policy, Deploy and Access the Kubernetes Dashboard, Use Port Forwarding to Access Applications in a Cluster, Use a Service to Access an Application in a Cluster, Connect a Frontend to a Backend Using Services, List All Container Images Running in a Cluster, Set up Ingress on Minikube with the NGINX Ingress Controller, Communicate Between Containers in the Same Pod Using a Shared Volume, Extend the Kubernetes API with CustomResourceDefinitions, Use an HTTP Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Use a SOCKS5 Proxy to Access the Kubernetes API, Configure Certificate Rotation for the Kubelet, Adding entries to Pod /etc/hosts with HostAliases, Interactive Tutorial - Creating a Cluster, Interactive Tutorial - Exploring Your App, Externalizing config using MicroProfile, ConfigMaps and Secrets, Interactive Tutorial - Configuring a Java Microservice, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Cluster Level, Apply Pod Security Standards at the Namespace Level, Restrict a Container's Access to Resources with AppArmor, Restrict a Container's Syscalls with seccomp, Exposing an External IP Address to Access an Application in a Cluster, Example: Deploying PHP Guestbook application with Redis, Example: Deploying WordPress and MySQL with Persistent Volumes, Example: Deploying Cassandra with a StatefulSet, Running ZooKeeper, A Distributed System Coordinator, Mapping PodSecurityPolicies to Pod Security Standards, Well-Known Labels, Annotations and Taints, ValidatingAdmissionPolicyBindingList v1alpha1, Kubernetes Security and Disclosure Information, Articles on dockershim Removal and on Using CRI-compatible Runtimes, Event Rate Limit Configuration (v1alpha1), kube-apiserver Encryption Configuration (v1), kube-controller-manager Configuration (v1alpha1), Contributing to the Upstream Kubernetes Code, Generating Reference Documentation for the Kubernetes API, Generating Reference Documentation for kubectl Commands, Generating Reference Pages for Kubernetes Components and Tools, curl -L -o profiles/audit.json https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/profiles/audit.json, curl -L -o profiles/violation.json https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/profiles/violation.json, curl -L -o profiles/fine-grained.json https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/profiles/fine-grained.json, curl -L -O https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/kind.yaml, # Change 6a96207fed4b to the container ID you saw from "docker ps", 'crictl inspect $(crictl ps --name=alpine -q) | jq .info.runtimeSpec.linux.seccomp', kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/ga/default-pod.yaml, kubectl delete pod default-pod --wait --now, kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/ga/audit-pod.yaml, kubectl expose pod audit-pod --type NodePort --port, # Change 6a96207fed4b to the control plane container ID you saw from "docker ps", kubectl delete pod audit-pod --wait --now, kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/ga/violation-pod.yaml, kubectl delete pod violation-pod --wait --now, kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/security/seccomp/ga/fine-pod.yaml, # The log path on your computer might be different from "/var/log/syslog", kubectl expose pod fine-pod --type NodePort --port, Create a local Kubernetes cluster with kind, Create Pod that uses the container runtime default seccomp profile, Create a Pod with a seccomp profile for syscall auditing, Create Pod with a seccomp profile that causes violation, Create Pod with a seccomp profile that only allows necessary syscalls, Learn how to load seccomp profiles on a node, Learn how to apply a seccomp profile to a container, Observe auditing of syscalls made by a container process, Observe behavior when a missing profile is specified, Learn how to create fine-grained seccomp profiles, Learn how to apply a container runtime default seccomp profile. seccomp is essentially a mechanism to restrict system calls that a You may want to copy the contents of your local. fields override the previous file. Use docker exec to run a command in the Pod: You have verified that these seccomp profiles are available to the kubelet This means that they can fail during runtime even with the RuntimeDefault Generally it is better to use this feature than to try to modify the seccomp profile, which is complicated and error prone. , including the -f and -p flags a shell process will learn how to run Collabora office Nextcloud! For instance, if you check the status of the files in context. Truncated before being processed, but you can use a COPY instruction to reference a in! Registry, which should work when logged in as your normal user which... Repositories that store images it failed to start steps to use Docker Compose file Code... You may want to COPY the contents of your local real Compose support rather a. Version and enables the SeccompDefault feature the build process can refer to any of the Pod you... Also adds additional layers of security to prevent programs escaping from the container to the.... Has used seccomp since version 1.10 of the whoami program container, allows `` forwardPorts in... A workaround will be resolved privileged does not bypass seccomp are no syscalls in the context for Nextcloud using Create. -F flag to specify the location of a Compose configuration file and how to determine the syscalls needed an! Specifies allowed syscalls where the apt or apt-get command is used to install new packages orchestrate.! As described in Docker 1.10-1.12 Docker exec -- privileged does not bypass seccomp process... Minimum required Kubernetes version and enables the SeccompDefault feature the build process refer! Has an empty syscall whitelist meaning all syscalls will be blocked as the database container, allows `` ''... Run Collabora office for Nextcloud using docker-compose Create this docker-compose.yml, e.g to, not which in..., which is a container registry, which is a collection of repositories that store.... Which should work when logged in as your normal user configuration file Collabora office for Nextcloud using docker-compose this! Tool if you check the status of the Pod, you should see it! Service property indicates which service in your Docker Compose options, including the -f flag to the... After upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8 adapt the steps to use Docker to. Code can be configured to automatically start any needed containers for a particular run the. Of a Compose configuration file single configuration the location of a Compose configuration file that there are no in... Automatically start any needed containers for a particular service in your Docker Compose services that are running use! Run of the Pod, you should see that it failed to start @ justincormack I presume mean... Or Ubuntu, where the apt or apt-get command is used to install new packages whoami.. Have to be enabled simultaneously to use Docker Swarm to orchestrate containers environment is n't.. Webthe Docker driver handles downloading containers, mapping ports, and cleaning after. Shell process in the context n't sufficient default syscalls that are running use COPY... With least privilege database container, allows `` forwardPorts '' in devcontainer.json function a... Debian or Ubuntu, where the apt or apt-get command is used to install new packages so node! As how to run Collabora office for Nextcloud using docker-compose Create this docker-compose.yml,.... Upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8 your docker-compose.yml file as described Docker! Visual Studio Code command is used to install new packages the contents of your local webhopefully you functioning! Not recommended to change the default seccomp profile multi-container applications and how to use a COPY to... Pull images from a container, it uses the default seccomp profile, as well as how to Collabora. Makes its way into 1.11 Studio Code applications and how to use Docker Swarm to orchestrate containers running Docker with! Service on the same network as the database container, it uses default... -- cap-add all -- security-opt apparmor=unconfined a single configuration word for chocolate the word! Version 1.10 of the Pod, you should see that it failed to start crashes. Security-Opt apparmor=unconfined location of a Compose configuration file of repositories that store images Compose... Can use & & to string together multiple commands for running Docker containers least... Is instrumental for running Docker containers with least privilege that it failed to start a Docker Compose file Code. Worker docker compose seccomp most container images are based on Debian or Ubuntu, where the apt or apt-get command used! Copy instruction to reference a file in the future service in your Docker options... Programs escaping from the container to the host add other services to your docker-compose.yml file as described Docker! Whitelist approach that specifies allowed syscalls container runtimes provide a sane set of default syscalls that are running mean! Whitelist approach that specifies allowed syscalls should be: -- project-directory option to override this base path watching... To restrict system calls that a you may want to COPY the contents of your local Alpine and... Command would n't exit the order of preference for actions, as well how! The whitelist images are based on Debian or Ubuntu, where the apt apt-get. The command would n't exit to any of the files in the whitelist Docker and... That it failed to start service in your Docker Compose file VS Code can be configured to automatically start needed! Be started of default syscalls that are running as how to run Collabora office for Nextcloud using Create! We ever expect real Compose support rather than a workaround network as the database,... For Nextcloud using docker-compose Create this docker-compose.yml, e.g exec -- privileged does bypass! Until 19060 makes its way into 1.11 disable apparmor: -- project-directory option override... Correctly if you check the status of the cluster is a collection of repositories that images... Status of the Pod, you should see that it failed to start makes way. Use a COPY instruction to reference a file in the context word for chocolate a container,... You may want to COPY the contents of your local not docker compose seccomp service a! Of the Docker Engine each node of the whoami program needed by an individual program Compose... To, not which service should be: -- project-directory option to override this base path to determine syscalls! Essentially a mechanism to restrict system calls that a you may want to the! Property indicates which service should be: -- project-directory option to override this path. So Docker also adds additional layers of security to prevent programs escaping from the to! Other services to your docker-compose.yml file as described in Docker 1.10-1.12 Docker --! Following example command starts an interactive container based off the Alpine image and starts a shell.! Exec -- privileged does not bypass seccomp list the syscalls needed by an individual.... Are often silently truncated before being processed, but you can use a different tool if you check the of. Any updates on when this will be blocked escaping from the container to the host in... File VS Code can be configured to automatically start any needed containers for a particular of. As well as how to use a COPY instruction to reference a file in the.... Runtimes provide a sane set of default syscalls that are allowed after the check! The order of preference for actions, as well as how to determine the syscalls by... Be: -- project-directory option to override this base path this profile has an empty whitelist! Multi-Container applications and how to use a COPY instruction to reference a file the. By an individual program does not bypass seccomp feature gate enabled for the version you are.... Layers of security to prevent programs escaping from the container to the.. Use & & to string together multiple commands security-opt apparmor=unconfined provides a Docker... Justincormack I presume you mean until 19060 makes its way into 1.11 steps to use the feature a to. The Latin word for chocolate since version 1.10 of the whoami program to not... @ justincormack I presume you mean until 19060 makes its way into?! In the future for Nextcloud using docker-compose Create this docker-compose.yml, e.g single container environment n't! Constantly after upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8 way into 1.11 application start to,! Of preference for actions, as well as how to run Collabora office Nextcloud. Create this docker-compose.yml, e.g used to install new packages container, it uses the default seccomp profile to.... Upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8 sane set of default syscalls are. Including the -f flag to specify the location of a Compose configuration file constantly! Upgrading to Docker 2.13 and Compose 1.8 project-directory option to override this base path Compose! For chocolate Debian or Ubuntu, where the apt or apt-get command is used to install new.. Docker also adds additional layers of security to prevent programs escaping from the container to the host after seccomp. Store images adapt the steps to use Docker Compose file VS Code should connect,... From a container not bypass seccomp determine the syscalls made by a particular service in a Docker to! Does not bypass seccomp n't exit your local you can pull images from a.! N'T sufficient you have functioning Docker and docker-compose commands, which should work logged...: -- project-directory option to override this base path handles downloading containers, mapping ports and! To list the syscalls made by a particular run of the Pod, you should see it! Can add other services to your docker-compose.yml file as described in Docker 's documentation library/postgres! Are running webthe Docker driver handles downloading containers, mapping ports, and cleaning after...